JAOMAD Glossary K:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Intro
K—Abbreviation for kilo: K(upper case) in computing, multiple of 210 (=1024), often incorrectly assumed to be what it is in hardware... as multiples of 103 (=1000); also: k(lower case) in math, multiple of 103 (=1000); also: k(lower case) in physics & instrumentation, Thermal conductivity; also: K(upper case) in thermal measurements, the symbol for Kelvin, absolute thermodynamic temperature scale based upon Celsius scale with 0°C = 273.15K; also: K(upper case) is symbol of ANSI thermocouple type for Chromel® vs. Alumel™; also: means "Time" or "Time Schedule" when used in first alpha character position of an ISA instrument function tag, means "Time Rate of Change" when used as modifier, means "Control Station" in a succeeding position [see ANSI/ISA S5.1-1984 (R1992)].
Kanban—Japanese methodology for achieving JIT, often involving use of kanbans, or "cards," to indicate parts status.
KB—KeyBoard; KiloByte.
Kbps—Kilobits per second; standard measurement of data rate and transmission capacity; but interestingly, equals 1000 bits per second (a math quantity, not memory capacity).
KDD—Knowledge Discovery in Databases; another term for Data Mining; see Data Mining.
KEMA—(KEMA Registered Quality Nederland B.V.) Certification and testing laboratory for testing equipment of different vendors to some common standard, based in The Netherlands.
Kernel—In computer software, core or central part of program or operation around which several other "shells" of programs or functions are built; as central module of an operating system, it is the part of the operating system that loads first, and it remains in main memory at all times; because it stays in memory, it is important for the kernel to be as small as possible while still providing all essential services required by other parts of the operating system and applications; typically, the kernel is responsible for memory management, process and task management, and disk management; compare with Shell.
Kerning—In typographical composition of screen displays and printing, subtracting space between two characters to bring them closer together for improved balance and appearance.
Key Logger; Keystroke Logger—Program or hardware device that captures every key depression on a computer to monitor & recording every keystroke user makes; see Snoopware & Spyware.
Key Performance Indicators (KPI)—Quantifiable measurements, agreed to beforehand, that reflect the critical success factors of an organization used to improve their goals; sometimes called Key Success Indicators (KSI).
Key System—Telephone equipment system in which phones have several line buttons that can access outgoing or incoming calls directly to or from local phone company's central office; unlike PBX (private branch exchange) system where employees must dial "9" to get an outside line, Key System users can access outside lines directly from their set of line buttons on the phone.
KGB—Known Good Board.
KGD—Known Good Die.
Kilobyte (Kbyte)—Equals 1024 bytes (8 bit characters) of memory; standard measurement for disk, diskette, and other methods of memory storage.
Kinematics—Branch of applied mathematics which studies way in which velocities and accelerations of various parts of moving system are related.
Kinetic Energy—Energy associated with mass in motion, i.e., half the density of the moving mass times its velocity.
Klez—E-mail virus that exploits a vulnerability in Internet Explorer browser and executes when message is read or previewed; possibly originating in China, several versions of Klez worm have been introduced since late 2001; they deposit themselves in PC's Windows directory with random file name and set registry to launch at startup, then searches for e-mail addresses in the infected machine, and, using its own Internet mail transmitter (SMTP engine), sends messages to those addresses with virus attachments and variety of subject headers and body text; this way, same user can keep getting different Klez e-mails from same source.
KM—Knowledge Management, see definition.
Knowledge Based System—Software that uses artificial intelligence techniques and base of information about specialized activity to control systems or operations.
Knowledge Management—Business process that leverage of a firm’s intellectual assets; enterprise discipline that promotes collaborative and integrative approach to creation, capture, organization, access and use of information assets, including tacit, un-captured knowledge of people.
Knowledge Management Software—Systems designed to manage knowledge within an organization, such as a database of answers to frequently asked questions to be used in a customer service/support center
KPI—Key Performance Indicators; see definition.
KSI—Key Success Indicators; see Key Performance Indicators.
KVA—KiloVolt amperes (=1000 Volt Amps).
KW—KiloWatt (=1000 Watts).
KWH—Kilowatt Hour (=1000 Watt-hours).
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Intro